Page 291 - 《环境工程技术学报》2023年第1期

Vol.13，No.1 环 境 工 程 技 术 学 报 第 13 卷，第 1 期
Jan.，2023 Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology 2023 年 1 月

李剑锋，冯李霄，陈希清，等.大义山东南部土壤重金属分布特征及其风险评 价 [J].环境工程技术学报，2023，13（1）：287-294.
LI J F,FENG L X,CHEN X Q,et al.Heavy metal distribution characteristics of soils in southeastern Dayi Mountain and its risk evaluation[J].Journal of
Environmental Engineering Technology，2023，13（1）：287-294.

大义山东南部土壤重金属分布特征及其风险评价

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1
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李剑锋 1,2,3 ，冯李霄 ，陈希清 ，付建明 ，卢友月 ，马可蒙 ，谢昊霖 1
1
1.辽宁师范大学地理科学学院
2.中国地质调查局武汉调查中心
3.中国地质调查局花岗岩成岩成矿地质研究中心
摘要 为探明矿产开采对土壤生态环境的影响，采集大义山岩体东南部土壤样品分析其重金属元 素 Cu、Pb、Zn、Cr、Ni、Cd、
A 和 s H 浓度；综合利用单因子指数、污染负荷指数和潜在生态危害指数法评估研究区土壤的污染状况与生态风险。结果表
g
明：As、Cd、Pb、Z 和 C 平均浓度分别超 出 GB 15618—2018《土壤环境质量 农用地土壤污染风险管控标准（试行）》（pH>7.5）
n
u
标准限 值 119.70、47.33、6.18、4.6 和 4.4 倍；单因子指数从大到小依次 为 As>Cd>Pb>Zn>Cu>Cr>Ni>Hg，其中，As、Cd、Pb、
3
7
Z 和 n C 属于重度污染；单项潜在风险指数从大到小依次 为 Cd>As>Pb>Cu>Zn>Hg>Ni>Cr，土壤综合潜在生态风险指数平均值
u
为 2 680.40，属于极强生态风险水平。统计显示，Cu、Zn、Cd、A 富集中心位于矿区，Cr、Pb、N 富集于乡村、矿业生产区等人
i
s
口活动区域，H 元素无明显分布规律。相关性与主成分分析表明，土壤 中 Cu、Zn、Cd、A 和 s Pb、Cr、N 异常富集分别与矿业
i
g
开采和人类活动有关， 而 H 异常富集则主要源自母质风化与成土作用。
g
关键词 锡矿；矿区周边；土壤重金属；分布特征；生态风险
中图分类号：X53 文章编号：1674-991X（2023）01-0287-08 doi：10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20210658
Heavy metal distribution characteristics of soils in southeastern Dayi
Mountain and its risk evaluation
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LI Jianfeng 1,2,3 , FENG Lixiao , CHEN Xiqing , FU Jianming , LU Youyue , MA Kemeng , XIE Haolin 1
1.College of Geographic Science, Liaoning Normal University
2.Wuhan Center of Geological Survey, China Geological Survey
3.Research Center for Petrogenesis and Mineralization of Granitoid Rocks, China Geological Survey
Abstract In order to investigate the impact of mineral mining on soil ecology, soil samples were collected from
the southeastern part of Dayi Mountain rock mass to analyze the concentrations of heavy metals Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr, Ni,
Cd, As and Hg. The single-factor index, pollution load index and potential ecological hazard index methods were
used to evaluate the pollution status and ecological risk of soil in mining areas. The results showed that the average
concentrations of As, Cd, Pb, Zn and Cu exceeded the standard limits of GB 15618-2018 (Soil Environmental
Quality Standard for Soil Pollution Risk Control of Agricultural Land (Trial)) (pH>7.5) by 119.70, 47.33, 6.18, 4.67
and 4.43 times, respectively. The single factor index was As>Cd>Pb>Zn>Cu>Cr>Ni>Hg in descending order, and
As, Cd, Pb, Zn and Cu were heavily polluted. The individual potential risk indices were Cd>As>Pb>Cu>
Zn>Hg>Ni>Cr in descending order, and the average soil RI was 2 680.40, which was a very strong ecological risk
level. The statistics showed that the enrichment centers of Cu, Zn, Cd and As were located in mining areas, Cr, Pb
and Ni were enriched in villages, mining production areas and other population activity areas, and there was no
obvious distribution pattern of Hg element. The correlation and principal component analysis showed that the
abnormal enrichment of Cu, Zn, Cd, As, Pb, Cr and Ni in soils was related to mining and human activities,
respectively, while the abnormal enrichment of Hg mainly originated from parent material weathering and soil
formation.

收稿日期：2021-11-10
基金项目：中国地质调查局地质矿产调查评价专 项 (DD20190154)
作者简介：李剑锋（1986—），男，讲师，博士，主要从事地貌学、矿床学研究工作，317649474@qq.com