Page 109 - 《环境工程技术学报》2023年第1期

Vol.13，No.1 环 境 工 程 技 术 学 报 第 13 卷，第 1 期
Jan.，2023 Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology 2023 年 1 月

温会英，王少博，张敬巧，等.青岛市冬季正构烷烃污染特征及来源解 析 [J].环境工程技术学报，2023，13（1）：105-113.
WEN H Y,WANG S B,ZHANG J Q,et al.Pollution characterization and source apportionment of n-alkanes during the winter in Qingdao City[J].Journal of
Environmental Engineering Technology，2023，13（1）：105-113.

青岛市冬季正构烷烃污染特征及来源解析

温会英，王少博，张敬巧，刘锐泽，郭天锋，王涵，张文杰，王淑兰 *

中国环境科学研究院
摘要 为研究青岛市冬季大 气 PM 2. 5 中正构烷烃的浓度水平、分子组成以及来源， 于 202 年 0 1 月 10—2 日在青岛市崂山区采
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集城市地区大 气 PM 5 样品，通过气相色谱-质 谱 (GC-MS 进行定量分析得 到 2 种正构烷烃，并对正构烷烃的污染特征及来源
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)
2.
3
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进行详细分析。结果表明：正构烷烃浓度 为 59.2～429.2 ng/m ，平均浓度为（230.9±111.7） ng/m ，其中正二十四烷烃是浓度最高
的单体物种，浓度 为 49.63 ng/m 。依 据 GB 3095—2012《环境空气质量标准》PM 5 二级浓度限值，采样期间分别 有 8 天污染天
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2.
和 6 天清洁天，污染天和清洁天正构烷烃的浓度分别为（283.7±93.6）和（160.5±82.1） ng/m 。污染天和清洁天正构烷烃碳数分布
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相似，主峰碳 为 C ，次峰碳 为 C 。污染天和清洁天正构烷烃的碳优势指数（CPI、CPI 和 CPI2）分别 为 0.91、0.81、1.1 和
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1
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0.98、0.84、1.38，植物蜡贡献率分别 为 6.67 % 和 19.31%，表明人为排放源是青岛市冬季正构烷烃的主要来源。主成分分析结果
表明，青岛市冬季正构烷烃主要来自人为排放源（煤炭燃烧、车辆尾气排放），植物排放源的贡献较小。潜在源分析结果表明，正
构烷烃主要来自西北方向的长距离传输，低碳数正构烷烃和高碳数正构烷烃的潜在源分布基本一致。
关键词 正构烷烃；青岛；PM ；来源解析
2.5
中图分类号：X51 文章编号：1674-991X（2023）01-0105-09 doi：10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20210862
Pollution characterization and source apportionment of n-alkanes
during the winter in Qingdao City
WEN Huiying, WANG Shaobo, ZHANG Jingqiao, LIU Ruize, GUO Tianfeng,
WANG Han, ZHANG Wenjie, WANG Shulan *
Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences
Abstract To investigate mass concentrations, molecular compositions and sources of n-alkanes in PM in
2.5
Qingdao during the winter, PM 2.5 samples were collected from Laoshan District, Qingdao from January 10 to 23,
2020. Twenty-six kinds of n-alkanes (C -C ) were determined through quantitative analysis by gas
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chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and the pollution characteristics and sources of n-alkanes were
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analyzed in detail. The results showed that the concentration of total n-alkanes was （230.9±111.7）ng/m , with the
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average concentration ranging from 59.2-429.2 ng/m . C was the monomer species with the highest concentration,
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which concentration was 49.63 ng/m . According to the secondary concentration limit of PM of the National
2.5
Ambient Air Quality Standards of China (NAAQS), the sampling period was divided into 8 polluted days and 6
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clean days. The concentrations of n-alkanes on polluted and clean days were (283.7±93.6) ng/m and (160.5±82.1)
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ng/m , respectively. The carbon number distribution of n-alkanes on polluted days and clean days was similar. The
main peak carbon (C max) was C and the secondary peak carbon was C . CPI, CPI1 and CPI2 values of n-alkanes
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on polluted and clean days were 0.91, 0.81, 1.19 and 0.98, 0.84, 1.38, respectively, and %WaxC was 6.67% and
n
19.31%, respectively, indicating that anthropogenic emissions were the main source of n-alkanes in Qingdao during
the winter. Principal component analysis (PCA) results showed that the n-alkanes in Qingdao during the winter
mainly came from anthropogenic emission sources (coal combustion, vehicle exhaust emissions), and the
contribution of plant emission sources was small. The potential source analysis results showed that the potential
source distributions of low carbon number n-alkanes and high carbon number n-alkanes were basically the same,

收稿日期：2021-12-24
基金项目：大气重污染成因治理与攻关项 目 (DQGG0304)
作者简介：温会英（1997—），男，硕士，主要研究方向为大气颗粒物来源解析与控制，15909847634@163.com
* 责任作者：王淑兰（1964—），女，研究员，主要从事大气环境/污染成因及控制对策研究，wangsl@craes.org.cn