Page 100 - 《环境工程技术学报》2023年第1期
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Vol.13,No.1 环 境 工 程 技 术 学 报 第 13 卷,第 1 期
Jan.,2023 Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology 2023 年 1 月
熊传芳,张征宇,万梅,等.嘉兴市大 气 PM 5 中金属元素污染特征、生态风险评价及来源分 析 [J].环境工程技术学报,2023,13(1):96-104.
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XIONG C F,ZHANG Z Y,WAN M,et al.Pollution characteristics, ecological risk assessment and source apportionment of mental elements in PM in
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Jiaxing City[J].Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology,2023,13(1):96-104.
嘉兴市大 气 PM 5 中金属元素污染特征、生态风险评价
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及来源分析
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熊传芳 ,张征宇 ,万梅 ,唐倩 ,张颖龙 ,杨晓霞 2*
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1.嘉兴市生态环境应急监控与事故调查中心
2.嘉兴市生态环境局
3.浙江清华长三角研究院
4.浙江省生态环境监测中心
5.浙江省嘉兴生态环境监测中心
摘要 为研究嘉兴市大 气 PM 2. 5 中金属元素的污染特征、生态风险和污染来源,使用嘉兴市善西超级站 的 24 在线监测数据,
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对 201 年 3 月 1 日—202 年 2 月 2 日嘉兴市大 气 PM 2. 5 和其 中 1 种金属元素(K、Ca、Fe、Zn、Mn、Cd、Pb、Cr、Ni、Ba、
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Cu、V)进行分析。结果表明:观测期间嘉兴 市 PM 5 平均浓度 为 30.94 µg/m ,优 于 GB 3095—2012《环境空气质量标准》二级标
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准(35 µg/m ),PM 2. 5 浓度季节分布为冬季>春季>秋季>夏季。金属元素总浓度 为 1.36 µg/m ,从高到低分别 为 K>Fe>Zn>Ca>Mn>
Pb>Ba>Cu>Cr>Ni>Cd>V,其 中 Fe、Z 浓度的变化受到新型冠状病毒感染疫情暴发和春节的影响。随着大气污染程度的加重,
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PM 5 中金属元素总浓度和各金属元素浓度都呈上升趋势,但大多数金属元素 在 PM 5 中的占比呈下降趋势。富集因子法表明,
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K、Ca、Fe、Ba、 不存在富集,Zn、C 存在极重富集。地累积指数结果显示,Cu、Pb、Zn、C 受到人为源的影响较大。由金属
V
d
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元素的生态风险指数可知,Mn、Cr、N 存在轻微潜在生态风险,Zn、Cu、Pb、C 的生态风险较大。通过主成分分析得出,嘉兴
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市 PM 2. 5 中金属元素主要来自工业源、燃煤源、交通源和自然源。
关键词 PM ;金属元素;富集因子;地累积指数;生态风险
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中图分类号:X513 文章编号:1674-991X(2023)01-0096-09 doi:10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20210487
Pollution characteristics, ecological risk assessment and source apportionment of
mental elements in PM in Jiaxing City
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XIONG Chuanfang , ZHANG Zhengyu , WAN Mei , TANG Qian , ZHANG Yinglong , YANG Xiaoxia 2*
1.Jiaxing Eco-Environmental Emergency Monitoring and Accident Investigation Center
2.Jiaxing Ecology and Environment Bureau
3.Yangtze Delta Region Research Institute of Tsinghua University
4.Zhejiang Eco-Environmental Monitoring Center
5.Jiaxing Eco-Environmental Monitoring Center of Zhejiang Province
Abstract In order to study the pollution characteristics, ecological risks and pollution sources of metal elements in
PM in Jiaxing, the 24-hour online monitoring data of Shanxi (SX) site in Jiaxing City from March 1, 2019 to
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February 29, 2020 were collected to investigate PM and 12 metal elements (K, Ca, Fe, Zn, Mn, Cd, Pb, Cr, Ni, Ba,
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Cu and V) in PM samples. The results indicated that the average concentration of PM was 30.94 µg/m during
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the sampling period, which was better than the secondary concentration standard of Ambient Air Quality Standard
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(GB 3095-2012) (PM , 35 µg/m ). PM concentrations in the samples were in the following order: winter > spring >
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autumn > summer. Meanwhile, the concentrations of metal elements were ranked as follows: K > Fe > Zn > Ca >
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Mn > Pb > Ba > Cu > Cr > Ni > Cd > V (the total concentration being 1.36 µg/m ), in which concentrations of Fe
and Zn were affected by the COVID-19 outbreak and the Spring Festival. It was found that both the total metal
concentration and each metal element concentration in PM increased with the pollution increasing, while the
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收稿日期:2021-09-07
基金项目:国家重点研发计划项 目 (2018YFC0213804)
作者简介:熊传 芳 (1992—),女,硕士,主要从事大气污染防治研究,1004892001@qq.com
* 责任作者:杨晓 霞 (1968—),女,高级工程师,主要从事大气污染防治研究,561343595@qq.com